What are the risks of "polypharmacy" in medication management?

Polypharmacy refers to the use of multiple medications by a patient, often simultaneously. This practice, while sometimes necessary for managing complex health conditions, carries significant risks. The primary concern is that as the number of medications increases, the likelihood of drug-drug interactions also rises. These interactions can lead to unexpected side effects or diminish the efficacy of one or more medications, complicating the patient’s treatment regimen.

For example, when two drugs are prescribed together, they may compete for the same metabolic pathways in the liver or interact in ways that can amplify or inhibit their effects. This can pose serious health risks, particularly for older adults or those with specific health conditions. Additionally, the cumulative side effects of multiple medications can lead to increased morbidity, hospitalizations, and decreased overall health status.

This understanding of the challenges surrounding polypharmacy emphasizes the necessity for careful medication review and management to minimize potential harms while aiming to address the patient's health needs effectively.